Sterculia cordata (PROSEA)
Introduction |
Sterculia cordata Blume
- Protologue: Bijdr. fl. Ned. Ind. 2: 83 (1825).
Vernacular names
- Indonesia: gelumpang padang (Bangka), hantap heulang (Sundanese, Java), kayu binong (Javanese, Java), pimpin bulan (East Kalimantan)
- Malaysia: kalumpang, tuntun (Sabah), pelajau (Sarawak)
- Philippines: tapinag-bundok (Tagalog).
Distribution
Peninsular Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Sumatra and adjacent islands, Java, Borneo and the Philippines (Luzon).
Uses
The wood is reputed to be used. The seeds are used in traditional medicine.
Observations
A medium-sized to fairly large tree up to 40 m tall, with bole up to 60 cm in diameter, buttresses c. 1 m high and 1.5 m wide, bark surface smooth, finely cracked or sparsely vertically fissured, to roughish, pinkish-brown, pale brown to chocolate-brown, inner bark fibrous, pinkish-brown, pale brown to dark red, twigs slender, 3-5 mm in diameter; leaves simple and entire, ovate, elliptical to elliptical-oblong, (6.5-)16-19(-30) cm × (3-)7-9(-19) cm, generally cordate at base, sometimes rounded, generally densely stellate appressed hairy below, petiole 1.5-4(-9) cm long, stipules lanceolate, caducous; inflorescence axillary or subterminal, paniculate, many-branched, drooping; calyx with obconical tube densely pubescent inside and 5 ligulate or lanceolate recurved or converging lobes slightly longer than the tube and sometimes coherent at apices, male flowers with 8-12 anthers; follicles 2-5, obovoid or sometimes oblong, 4.5-12 cm long, densely yellowish-brown tomentose; seed ellipsoid, 1-2.5 cm long, brown. Two varieties are distinguished; var. montana (Merr.) Tantra (synonyms: Sterculia montana Merr., Sterculia borneensis Ridley) is found in Borneo and the Philippines and differs from var. cordata (synonym: Sterculia javanica R.Br.) in its converging calyx lobes with coherent apices and its larger seeds. S. cordata occurs in primary and secondary forest up to 1200 m altitude; in Sarawak it is found on fertile clay-rich soils, on alluvium and lower slopes of hills. The wood is pale pinkish-brown darkening towards the centre of the log.
Selected sources
26, 35, 78, 99, 136, 234, 465, 632, 705.