Spartium junceum: Difference between revisions
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|author = L. | |author = L. | ||
|order = Fabales | |order = Fabales | ||
|family = | |family = Fabaceae | ||
|genus = Spartium | |genus = Spartium | ||
|nb chromosomes = 2n = 48-52 | |nb chromosomes = 2n = 48-52 | ||
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|status = wild and cultivated | |status = wild and cultivated | ||
}} | }} | ||
== Description == | |||
[[File:Spartium junceum Vendémian fleurs.JPG|thumb|left|close-up of flowers]] | |||
== Popular names == | == Popular names == | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" | |||
*English: Spanish broom | *English: Spanish broom | ||
*French: genêt d'Espagne | *French: genêt d'Espagne | ||
*Spanish: retama de olor, gayomba, gallomba, ginesta, ginestra | *Spanish: retama de olor, gayomba, gallomba, ginesta, ginestra | ||
*Catalan: ginesta, ginestera | |||
*Portuguese: giesta, giesteira | |||
see French local names in [[:fr:Spartium (Rolland, Flore populaire)|Rolland]]. | |||
|} | |||
== Classification == | == Classification == | ||
| Line 29: | Line 36: | ||
possible confusions : | possible confusions : | ||
*other plants known as ''sparte'' or ''spart'' : | *other plants known as ''sparte'' or ''spart'' : | ||
**''Macrochloa tenacissima'' (Loefl. ex L.) Kunth (syn.: ''Stipa tenacissima'' Loefl. ex L.). | **''[[Macrochloa tenacissima]]'' (Loefl. ex L.) Kunth (syn.: ''Stipa tenacissima'' Loefl. ex L.). | ||
**''Lygeum spartum'' Loefl. ex L. | **''[[Lygeum spartum]]'' Loefl. ex L. | ||
*other plants called ''genêt'' and used for brooms : | *other plants called ''genêt'' and used for brooms : | ||
**''Cytisus scoparius'' (L.) Link [''Sarothamnus scoparius'' (L.) Wimm. ex W. D. J. Koch]. | **''[[Cytisus scoparius]]'' (L.) Link [''Sarothamnus scoparius'' (L.) Wimm. ex W. D. J. Koch]. | ||
== Cultivars == | == Cultivars == | ||
| Line 54: | Line 61: | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
*Aussel Pierre & Parado Claude. Autrefois la toile de genêt au cœur de l'Hérault. | *Aussel, Pierre, 1986-1987. La toile de la maison ou l'or des ruffes. ''Etudes sur l'Hérault'', '''3'''. | ||
[[File:Genêt textile.jpg|thumb|[http://www.lodevoisetlarzac.fr/restaurer-et-valoriser-le-patrimoine/le-gen-t-textile | *Aussel, Pierre & Parado, Claude. Autrefois la toile de genêt au cœur de l'Hérault. [http://www.tela-botanica.org/page:genet on line at Tela Botanica] | ||
[[File:Genêt textile.jpg|thumb|[http://www.lodevoisetlarzac.fr/restaurer-et-valoriser-le-patrimoine/le-gen-t-textile publisher's website]]] | |||
*Broussonnet, Pierre, 1787. Observation sur la culture et les usages économiques du genêt d'Espagne. ''Journal du Languedoc'', 15 février 1787. | |||
*Olivier, Sylvain , 2005. Le genêt textile (XVIIe-XIXe siècle). Une dynamique agricole en Lodévois. ''Histoire & Sociétés Rurales'', '''23'''(1): 137-168. [http://www.cairn.info/revue-histoire-et-societes-rurales-2005-1-page-137.htm on line]. | |||
*Olivier, Sylvain (dir.), Llaty, Catherine, Chabal, Lucie, Cullin-Mingaud, Magali, Durand, Aline, Jaudon, Bruno, Martin, Philippe, Vallat, François, Bernard, Régine, Boucherat, Toomaï, 2009. ''Le genêt textile. Plante sauvage, plante cultivée''. (''Les cahiers du Lodévois-Larzac'', '''34'''). Lodève, Communauté de communes Lodévois & Larzac. 144 p. A scholar and excellent synthesis about industrial use of Spanish broom as a fiber in Hérault (France). | *Olivier, Sylvain (dir.), Llaty, Catherine, Chabal, Lucie, Cullin-Mingaud, Magali, Durand, Aline, Jaudon, Bruno, Martin, Philippe, Vallat, François, Bernard, Régine, Boucherat, Toomaï, 2009. ''Le genêt textile. Plante sauvage, plante cultivée''. (''Les cahiers du Lodévois-Larzac'', '''34'''). Lodève, Communauté de communes Lodévois & Larzac. 144 p. A scholar and excellent synthesis about industrial use of Spanish broom as a fiber in Hérault (France). | ||
*Perdomo, Molina, Antonio y Cubas Hernández, Fátima, 2002. ''Las fibras vegetales utilizadas tradicionalmente en el cultivo de la viña en Canarias. Una visión etnográfica y geográfica''. [http://www.tenerife.es/Casa-vino/jornadas/pdf/PDF%20JORNADAS%20IV/14.pdf IV ''Jornadas Técnicas Vitivinícolas de Canarias''] | *Perdomo, Molina, Antonio y Cubas Hernández, Fátima, 2002. ''Las fibras vegetales utilizadas tradicionalmente en el cultivo de la viña en Canarias. Una visión etnográfica y geográfica''. [http://www.tenerife.es/Casa-vino/jornadas/pdf/PDF%20JORNADAS%20IV/14.pdf IV ''Jornadas Técnicas Vitivinícolas de Canarias''] | ||
== Links == | == Links == | ||
*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?35189 GRIN] | |||
*[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Spartium+junceum Plants for a Future] | |||
*[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Spartium+junceum&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html IPNI] | |||
[[Category:Species]] | |||
[[Category:Seed plant]] | |||
[ | [[Category:Garden plant, temperate]] | ||
[ | [[Category:Human medicine, temperate minor]] | ||
[ | [[Category:Forage, wild minor]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Textile fibre]] | ||
Latest revision as of 05:59, 11 August 2016
Spartium junceum L.
| Order | Fabales |
|---|---|
| Family | Fabaceae |
| Genus | Spartium |
2n = 48-52
Origin : Mediterranean area
wild and cultivated
| English | {{{english}}} |
|---|---|
| French | {{{french}}} |
Description
Popular names
- English: Spanish broom
- French: genêt d'Espagne
- Spanish: retama de olor, gayomba, gallomba, ginesta, ginestra
- Catalan: ginesta, ginestera
- Portuguese: giesta, giesteira
Classification
Spartium junceum L. (1753)
synonyms:
- Genista juncea (L.) Scop. (1771)
possible confusions :
- other plants known as sparte or spart :
- Macrochloa tenacissima (Loefl. ex L.) Kunth (syn.: Stipa tenacissima Loefl. ex L.).
- Lygeum spartum Loefl. ex L.
- other plants called genêt and used for brooms :
- Cytisus scoparius (L.) Link [Sarothamnus scoparius (L.) Wimm. ex W. D. J. Koch].
Cultivars
History
Uses
- fiber
The entire stems can be used as ties (for grapevine), or bundled as brooms.
The fiber can be extracted and processed into textiles. Raw textiles are used for wrapping agricultural products, and fine textiles give linen.
A factory in Aspiran (Hérault, France) processed the fiber from 1942 to 1960, and sowing of Spanish broom was encouraged in the arid areas of Lodève and Clermont-l'Hérault (Hérault), characterized by a deep red clay called ruffes.
- fodder
The green foliage was eaten by sheep and goats, but when eaten alone in big quantities, it can be noxious.
- medicinal
Several uses are documented, but the plant is highly toxic (particularly flowers, seeds).
- ornemental
The plant is commonly grown in gardens up to temperate areas, due to its beautiful flowers and shape.
References
- Aussel, Pierre, 1986-1987. La toile de la maison ou l'or des ruffes. Etudes sur l'Hérault, 3.
- Aussel, Pierre & Parado, Claude. Autrefois la toile de genêt au cœur de l'Hérault. on line at Tela Botanica
- Broussonnet, Pierre, 1787. Observation sur la culture et les usages économiques du genêt d'Espagne. Journal du Languedoc, 15 février 1787.
- Olivier, Sylvain , 2005. Le genêt textile (XVIIe-XIXe siècle). Une dynamique agricole en Lodévois. Histoire & Sociétés Rurales, 23(1): 137-168. on line.
- Olivier, Sylvain (dir.), Llaty, Catherine, Chabal, Lucie, Cullin-Mingaud, Magali, Durand, Aline, Jaudon, Bruno, Martin, Philippe, Vallat, François, Bernard, Régine, Boucherat, Toomaï, 2009. Le genêt textile. Plante sauvage, plante cultivée. (Les cahiers du Lodévois-Larzac, 34). Lodève, Communauté de communes Lodévois & Larzac. 144 p. A scholar and excellent synthesis about industrial use of Spanish broom as a fiber in Hérault (France).
- Perdomo, Molina, Antonio y Cubas Hernández, Fátima, 2002. Las fibras vegetales utilizadas tradicionalmente en el cultivo de la viña en Canarias. Una visión etnográfica y geográfica. IV Jornadas Técnicas Vitivinícolas de Canarias