Compositae: Difference between revisions
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== Biology == | == Biology == | ||
Several groups multiply by apomixis, producing seeds genetically identical with the mother plant. The consequence is that populations often consist of only one clone. They may be different, and have been given a quantity of names at the species level. Those micro-species (jordanons) are not included in the estimated number of 23000 species. | Several groups multiply by apomixis, producing seeds genetically identical with the mother plant. The consequence is that populations often consist of only one clone. They may be different, and have been given a quantity of names at the species level. Those micro-species (jordanons) are not included in the estimated number of 23000 species. | ||
The reserve organs store inulin, and not starch, which is of relevance for people with diabetes problems. Examples are chicory, artichoke, Jerusalem artichoke, salsify and black salsify. | |||
== Classification == | == Classification == | ||
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==== tribe ''Cynareae'' (syn. ''Cardueae'') ==== | ==== tribe ''Cynareae'' (syn. ''Cardueae'') ==== | ||
* ''[[Arctium]]'' | * ''[[Arctium]]'' | ||
* ''[[Atractylis]]'' | |||
* ''[[Berardia]]'' | * ''[[Berardia]]'' | ||
* ''[[Carduncellus]]'' | |||
* ''[[Carduus]]'' | * ''[[Carduus]]'' | ||
* ''[[Carlina]]'' | |||
* ''[[Carthamus]]'' | |||
* ''[[Centaurea]]'' | |||
* ''[[Cirsium]]'' | * ''[[Cirsium]]'' | ||
* ''[[Cnicus]]'' | * ''[[Cnicus]]'' | ||
* ''[[Cynara]]'' | * ''[[Cynara]]'' | ||
* ''[[Echinops]]'' | |||
* ''[[Galactites]]'' | * ''[[Galactites]]'' | ||
* ''[[Onopordum]]'' | * ''[[Onopordum]]'' | ||
* ''[[Rhaponticum]]'' | |||
* ''[[Silybum]]'' | * ''[[Silybum]]'' | ||
* ''[[Xeranthemum]]'' | * ''[[Xeranthemum]]'' | ||
=== sous-famille ''Cichorioideae'' === | === sous-famille ''Cichorioideae'' === | ||
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* tribe ''Mutisieae'' | * tribe ''Mutisieae'' | ||
** ''[[Gerbera]]'' | ** ''[[Gerbera]]'' | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
Revision as of 15:38, 29 June 2012
| Compositae Adans. | |
|---|---|
| |
| Order | Asterales |
| > 1600 genera | |
| 23000 species | |
| Distribution: cosmopolitan | |
Biology
Several groups multiply by apomixis, producing seeds genetically identical with the mother plant. The consequence is that populations often consist of only one clone. They may be different, and have been given a quantity of names at the species level. Those micro-species (jordanons) are not included in the estimated number of 23000 species.
The reserve organs store inulin, and not starch, which is of relevance for people with diabetes problems. Examples are chicory, artichoke, Jerusalem artichoke, salsify and black salsify.
Classification
According to Article 18.5 of the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature, the name Compositae, of long usage, is treated as validly published. According to Article 18.6, the use, as alternative, of the family name Asteraceae is authorized.
sub-family Asteroideae
tribe Anthemideae
- Achillea
- Anacyclus
- Anthemis
- Argyranthemum
- Artemisia
- Chamaemelum
- Chrysanthemum
- Cota
- Cotula
- Glebionis
- Lasiospermum
- Leucanthemum
- Matricaria
- Otanthus
- Otospermum
- Santolina
- Tanacetopsis
- Tanacetum
tribe Astereae
- Amellus
- Aster
- Astranthium
- Baccharis
- Bellis
- Bellium
- Callistephus
- Chrysocoma
- Conyza
- Erigeron
- Felicia
- Grindelia
- Olearia
- Solidago
- Tripolium
tribe Calenduleae
tribe Gnaphalieae
tribe Heliantheae
- supersubtribe Coreopsidodinae (tribe Coreopsideae)
- supersubtribe Eupatoriodinae (tribe Eupatorieae)
- supersubtribe Heleniodinae (tribe Helenieae)
- supersubtribe Helianthodinae
- supersubtribe Polymniodinae (tribe Polymnieae)
- supersubtribe Tagetodinae (tribe Tageteae)
tribe Inuleae
tribe Senecioneae
sous-famille Carduoideae
tribe Cynareae (syn. Cardueae)
- Arctium
- Atractylis
- Berardia
- Carduncellus
- Carduus
- Carlina
- Carthamus
- Centaurea
- Cirsium
- Cnicus
- Cynara
- Echinops
- Galactites
- Onopordum
- Rhaponticum
- Silybum
- Xeranthemum
sous-famille Cichorioideae
tribe Arctotideae
tribe Cichorieae
- Catananche
- Chondrilla
- Cicerbita
- Cichorium
- Crepis
- Hieracium
- Hypochaeris
- Lactuca
- Leontodon
- Mulgedium
- Mycelis
- Picris
- Pilosella
- Reichardia
- Scolymus
- Scorzonera
- Sonchus
- Taraxacum
- Tragopogon
- Urospermum
tribe Gundelieae
tribe Vernonieae
sous-famille Mutisioideae
- tribe Mutisieae
References
Anderberg A.A. et al., 2007. Compositae. in Kubitzki K. et al., The families and genera of vascular plants. VIII - Eudicots - Asterales. Springer.
Links
- TICA = The International Compositae Alliance
TICA is an international organization with the goal of promoting contact among systematists working on the Compositae, especially those using molecular data for big picture phylogenies.
Hosted by the University of New Mexico, Albuquerque (USA)
A new initiative towards a web-distributed revision of the Cichorieae.
Based in the Czech Republic.