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...nd saline soils. Easy to establish even in waterlogged soil and dry eroded soil. In Ethiopia, it performs well in Moist and Wet Bereha, Kolla and Weyna Deg ...leaves), shade (young coffee), mulch, nitrogen fixation, soil improvement, soil conservation, fibres (young stems), soap (leaves). ...

Firewood, posts, shade, ornamental,, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, soil improvement, windbreak, gum (food preservative), live fence. Coppicing, pollarding. Make sure that it is not planted in shallow soil. Orient planting line along wind direction to minimise wind-throw. ...

...), shade, ornamental, mulch, soil conservation, soil improvement, nitrogen fixation, windbreak, dye, tannin (bark). ...soil where casuarina are to be raised may need inoculation by addition of soil from beneath mature trees. ...

...00 m. May indicate fertile soil and groundwater but can also grow in stony soil. ...ine (leaves, roots), fodder (leaves, pods), ornamental, nitrogen fixation, soil improvement, live fence. ...

...ves), bee forage, shade, ornamental, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, soil improvement. ...

...(young branchlets), shade, ornamental, mulch, soil conservation, nitrogen fixation, windbreak. ...soil where casuarina are to be raised may need inoculation by addition of soil from beneath mature trees. ...

...odder (leafy branchlets), mulch, soil conservation, soil improvement, dune fixation, windbreak, firebreak. ...xcretes “salt” which drips from glands in the leaves at night to cover the soil beneath. This salty drip kills any plants under the tree and the fallen lea ...

...(height 30–60 cm) with numerous suckers and roots, growing horizontally in soil to depth 50 cm. Stem: woody at base, cylindrical, strongly branched, covere ...uable plant because of its ability to develop underground runners for sand-fixation in case of deflation or in areas where the ''Carex'' cover has been destroy ...

...e forage, shade, ornamental, soil conservation, soil improvement, nitrogen fixation. ...

...r (leaves, pods), bee forage, mulch, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, soil improvement, windbreak, live fence. ...

...ves), bee forage, shade, ornamental, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, soil improvement, windbreak, oil (seeds), tannin (bark). ...y soils to the water table becoming deeply rooted. Long surface roots hold soil together and so help prevent erosion. The dark brown heartwood is a durable ...

.... The shallow roots make it liable to fall in storms. Prefers black‑cotton soil but will grow in a wide range of soils: acid, alkaline and saline. ...r (leaves, pods), bee forage, shade, ornamental, mulch, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, windbreak, tannin (bark), soap (bark). ...

...roots), fodder (leaves), bee forage, ornamental, mulch, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, live fence, necklaces and curios (seeds), ceremonial. ...is recommended for live fencing, stream-bank and boundary planting and for soil conservation. It is moderately fire and termite resistant. ...

...s, posts, forage (pods), bee forage, shade, ornamental, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, windbreak, tannin (bark), live fence. ...or poles and firewood. Best grown in woodlots and can be used to stabilize soil. ...

...e forage, basket work (stems), mulch, nitrogen fixation, soil improvement, soil conservation, windbreak. ...

Widespread in semi‑arid Africa in a wide range of soil types and in different climates. In Ethiopia it occurs in Dry, Moist and We ...fodder (pods, leaves), shade, mulch, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, soil improvement, windbreak, tannin, dye, soap, fence (cut branches). ...

...icine (leaves), bee forage, ornamental, mulch, soil conservation, nitrogen fixation, live fence, necklaces (seeds), curios (seeds), ceremonial. ...but can be carved fairly easily. The tree is used on stream banks and for soil-conservation terraces. The seeds contain a poison but it is only released i ...

...ee forage, ornamental, green manure, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, soil improvement, live fence. ...

...i and Zimbabwe. In Ethiopia,it is found in seasonally flooded black‑cotton soil, in river valleys and wooded grassland of Dry and Moist Kolla and Weyna Deg ...dicine (bark, gum), fodder (leaves), bee forage, shade, nitrogen fixation, soil conservation, windbreak, gum, tannin (bark), dye (bark). ...

Bee forage, ornamental, mulch, nitrogen fixation, live fence, necklaces (seeds). Fairly fast growing. May develop into a serious weed in good soil if not checked, especially in pasture land. Burning in the dry season is a ...