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| (10 versions intermédiaires par le même utilisateur non affichées) | |||
| Ligne 2 : | Ligne 2 : | ||
|image = Splendeur Automnale à Montréal.jpg | |image = Splendeur Automnale à Montréal.jpg | ||
|légende = arbre à Montréal | |légende = arbre à Montréal | ||
|auteur = | |auteur = Marshall | ||
|ordre = Sapindales | |ordre = Sapindales | ||
|famille = Sapindaceae | |famille = Sapindaceae | ||
|genre = Acer | |genre = Acer | ||
|nb chromosomes = 2n = | |nb chromosomes = 2n = 26 | ||
|origine = | |origine = est Amérique du Nord | ||
|statut = sauvage et cultivé | |statut = sauvage et cultivé | ||
|français = ''' ''' | |français = '''érable à sucre''' | ||
|anglais = ''' ''' | |anglais = '''sugar maple''' | ||
}}{{Encadré | }}{{Encadré | ||
|color=lightgreen | |color=lightgreen | ||
|titre=Résumé des usages | |titre=Résumé des usages | ||
|texte=*sève donnant un sucre liquide : sirop d'érable | |texte=*sève donnant un sucre liquide : sirop d'érable | ||
*bois d'œuvre | |||
*écorce alimentaire | |||
*médicinal | |||
}} | }} | ||
== Description == | == Description == | ||
<gallery mode="packed"> | <gallery mode="packed"> | ||
| Ligne 26 : | Ligne 25 : | ||
File:Acer saccharum 2-jgreenlee (5098070702).jpg|feuilles | File:Acer saccharum 2-jgreenlee (5098070702).jpg|feuilles | ||
File:Sugar maple 3220.jpg|fruits | File:Sugar maple 3220.jpg|fruits | ||
File:Acer saccharum range map 1.png|répartition | |||
</gallery> | </gallery> | ||
== Noms populaires == | == Noms populaires == | ||
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" | {| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;" | ||
| français | |||
| érable à sucre / sirop d’érable | |||
|- | |||
| anglais | |||
| sugar maple / maple syrup | |||
|- | |||
| allemand | |||
| Zuckerahorn / Ahornsirup | |||
|- | |||
| néerlandais | |||
| suikeresdoorn / esdoornsiroop | |||
|- | |||
| italien | |||
| acero da zucchero / sciroppo di acero | |||
|- | |||
| espagnol | |||
| arce de azúcar / jarabe de arce | |||
|} | |} | ||
== Classification == | == Classification == | ||
''Acer saccharum'' Marshall (1785) | |||
synonyme : | |||
*''Acer saccharinum'' Wangenh. (1787) (non L. 1753) | |||
== Cultivars == | == Cultivars == | ||
| Ligne 43 : | Ligne 63 : | ||
== Usages == | == Usages == | ||
{{Citation encadré | |||
|texte=''Acer saccharinum'' Wangenh. ROCK MAPLE. SUGAR MAPLE. North America. This large, handsome tree must be included among cultivated food plants, as in some sections of New England groves are protected and transplanted for the use of the tree to furnish sugar. The tree is found from 48° north in Canada, to the mountains in Georgia and from Nova Scotia to Arkansas and the Rocky Mountains. The sap from the trees growing in maple orchards may give as an average one pound of sugar to four gallons of sap, and a single tree may furnish four or five pounds, although extreme yields have been put as high as thirty-three pounds from a single tree. The manufacture of sugar from the sap of the maple was known to the Indians, for Jefferys<ref>Jefferys, T. ''Nat. Hist. Amer.'' 41. 1760.</ref>, 1760, says that in Canada "this tree affords great quantities of a cooling and wholesome liquor from which they make a sort of sugar," and Jonathan Carver<ref>Carver, J. ''Travs. No. Amer.'' 496. 1778.</ref>, in 1784, says the Nandowessies Indians of the West consume the sugar which they have extracted from the maple tree." In 1870, the Winnebagoes and Chippewas are said often to sell to the Northwest Fur Company fifteen thousand pounds of sugar a year. The sugar season among the Indians is a sort of carnival, and boiling candy and pouring it out on the snow to cool is the pastime of the children. | |||
<references/> | |||
|auteur =[[:en:Acer (Sturtevant, 1919)#Acer saccharinum|Sturtevant, ''Notes on edible plants'', 1919]]. | |||
}} | |||
== Références == | == Références == | ||
*Chauvet, Michel, 2018. ''[[Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires]]''. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 674) | |||
== Liens == | == Liens == | ||
*[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search.aspx?SearchTerm=Acer%20saccharum&SearchCat= BHL] | *[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search.aspx?SearchTerm=Acer%20saccharum&SearchCat= BHL] | ||
*[http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropFindForm FAO Ecocrop] | *[http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropFindForm FAO Ecocrop] | ||
*[http://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/m/maples14.html#bir Grieve's herbal] | *[http://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/m/maples14.html#bir Grieve's herbal] | ||
*[ | *[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=409105 GRIN] | ||
*[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Acer%20saccharum&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html IPNI] | *[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Acer%20saccharum&output_format=normal&query_type=by_query&back_page=query_ipni.html IPNI] | ||
*[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:45:1329164412874601::NO::P7_BOTNAME,P7_DB_CHECKBOX1,P7_DB_CHECKBOX2,P7_DB_CHECKBOX4:Acer%20saccharum,,, Mansfeld] | *[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:45:1329164412874601::NO::P7_BOTNAME,P7_DB_CHECKBOX1,P7_DB_CHECKBOX2,P7_DB_CHECKBOX4:Acer%20saccharum,,, Mansfeld] | ||
*[http:// | *[http://naeb.brit.org/uses/search/?string=acer+saccharum Moerman, Native American Ethnobotany] | ||
*[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Acer.html Multilingual Plant Name Database] | *[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Acer.html Multilingual Plant Name Database] | ||
*[ | *[https://hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/Crops/Black_sugar_maple.html NewCrop Purdue] | ||
*[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Acer+saccharum Plant List] | *[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Acer+saccharum Plant List] | ||
*[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Acer%20saccharum Plants for a future] | *[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Acer%20saccharum Plants for a future] | ||
*[ | *[https://www.tela-botanica.org/bdtfx-nn-120951 Tela Botanica] | ||
*[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer%20saccharum Wikipédia] | *[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acer%20saccharum Wikipédia] | ||
[[Category:Acer]] | [[Category:Acer]] | ||
Dernière version du 20 juin 2020 à 08:47
Acer saccharum Marshall
| Ordre | Sapindales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Sapindaceae |
| Genre | Acer |
2n = 26
Origine : est Amérique du Nord
sauvage et cultivé
| Français | érable à sucre |
|---|---|
| Anglais | sugar maple |
Résumé des usages
- sève donnant un sucre liquide : sirop d'érable
- bois d'œuvre
- écorce alimentaire
- médicinal
Description
-
tronc -
bourgeons -
feuilles -
fruits -
répartition
.jpg)
Noms populaires
| français | érable à sucre / sirop d’érable |
| anglais | sugar maple / maple syrup |
| allemand | Zuckerahorn / Ahornsirup |
| néerlandais | suikeresdoorn / esdoornsiroop |
| italien | acero da zucchero / sciroppo di acero |
| espagnol | arce de azúcar / jarabe de arce |
Classification
Acer saccharum Marshall (1785)
synonyme :
- Acer saccharinum Wangenh. (1787) (non L. 1753)
Cultivars
Histoire
-
Michaux, 1819. North American sylva, pl. 42.
Usages
Acer saccharinum Wangenh. ROCK MAPLE. SUGAR MAPLE. North America. This large, handsome tree must be included among cultivated food plants, as in some sections of New England groves are protected and transplanted for the use of the tree to furnish sugar. The tree is found from 48° north in Canada, to the mountains in Georgia and from Nova Scotia to Arkansas and the Rocky Mountains. The sap from the trees growing in maple orchards may give as an average one pound of sugar to four gallons of sap, and a single tree may furnish four or five pounds, although extreme yields have been put as high as thirty-three pounds from a single tree. The manufacture of sugar from the sap of the maple was known to the Indians, for Jefferys[1], 1760, says that in Canada "this tree affords great quantities of a cooling and wholesome liquor from which they make a sort of sugar," and Jonathan Carver[2], in 1784, says the Nandowessies Indians of the West consume the sugar which they have extracted from the maple tree." In 1870, the Winnebagoes and Chippewas are said often to sell to the Northwest Fur Company fifteen thousand pounds of sugar a year. The sugar season among the Indians is a sort of carnival, and boiling candy and pouring it out on the snow to cool is the pastime of the children.
Références
- Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 674)