« Arum maculatum » : différence entre les versions
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*Voir les [[Arum (Cazin 1868)|''Plantes médicinales'' de Cazin (1868)]] | *Voir les [[Arum (Cazin 1868)|''Plantes médicinales'' de Cazin (1868)]] | ||
{{Citation encadré | {{Citation encadré | ||
|texte=In the middle ages in Central Europe and elsewhere (recently in India ?) cultivated as magic and medicinal plant. The corms are edible after drying and/or roasting or cooking. They are used to produce a fine starch. | |texte=''Arum maculatum'' Linn. ADAM-AND-EVE. BOBBINS. CUCKOO PINT. LORDS-AND-LADIES. STARCH-ROOT. WAKE ROBIN. Europe. The thick and tuberous root, while fresh, is extremely acrid, but by heat its injurious qualities are destroyed, and in the isle of Portland the plant was extensively used in the preparation of an arrowroot. According to Sprengel <ref>Pickering, C. ''Chron. Hist. Pls.'' 314. 1879.</ref>, its roots are cooked and eaten in Albania, and in Slavonia it is made into a kind of bread. The leaves, even of this acrid plant, are said by Pallas <ref>Pallas, P. S. ''Trav. Russia'' 2: 449. 1803.</ref> to be eaten by the Greeks of Crimea. "Dioscorides showeth that the leaves also are prescribed to be eaten and that they must be eaten after they be dried and boyled <ref>Gerarde. J. ''Herb.'' 835. 1633 or 1636.</ref>." | ||
<references/> | |||
|auteur =[[:en:Arum (Sturtevant, 1919)#Arum maculatum|Sturtevant, ''Notes on edible plants'', 1919]]. | |||
}} | |||
{{Citation encadré | |||
|texte=In the middle ages in Central Europe and elsewhere (recently in India ?) cultivated as magic and medicinal plant. The corms are edible after drying and/or roasting or cooking. They are used to produce a fine starch. Wild distribution: Europe except the most northern part. | |||
|auteur =Mansfeld. | |auteur =Mansfeld. | ||
}} | }} | ||
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*Dogan, Yunus ''et al.'', 2015. Of the importance of a leaf: The ethnobotany of sarma in Turkey and the Balkans. ''J. Ethnobiol. & Ethnomed.'', 11-26. [https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0002-x doi : 10.1186/s13002-015-0002-x] | *Dogan, Yunus ''et al.'', 2015. Of the importance of a leaf: The ethnobotany of sarma in Turkey and the Balkans. ''J. Ethnobiol. & Ethnomed.'', 11-26. [https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-015-0002-x doi : 10.1186/s13002-015-0002-x] | ||
*Dogan, Yunus ; Nedelcheva, Anely & Pieroni, Andrea, 2017. The diversity of plants used for the traditional dish sarma in Turkey: nature, garden and traditional cuisine in the modern era. ''Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture'', '''29''' (6) : 429-440. [https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2016-09-1238 doi: 10.9755/ejfa.2016-09-1238]. | *Dogan, Yunus ; Nedelcheva, Anely & Pieroni, Andrea, 2017. The diversity of plants used for the traditional dish sarma in Turkey: nature, garden and traditional cuisine in the modern era. ''Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture'', '''29''' (6) : 429-440. [https://doi.org/10.9755/ejfa.2016-09-1238 doi: 10.9755/ejfa.2016-09-1238]. | ||
*Fischer-Benzon, R. von - Altdeutsche Gartenflora - Untersuchungen über die Nutzpflanzen des deutschen Mittelalters, ihre Wanderung und ihre Vorgeschichte im klassischen Altertum. Lipsius & Tischer Kiel 1894: 254 p. | |||
*Gessner, O. - Die Gift- und Arzneipflanzen von Mitteleuropa (Pharmakologie, Toxikologie, Therapie)., Ed. 2 Carl Winter Heidelberg 1953: 804 p. | |||
== Liens == | == Liens == | ||
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*[http://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/c/cucko122.html Grieve's herbal] | *[http://botanical.com/botanical/mgmh/c/cucko122.html Grieve's herbal] | ||
*[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=4354 GRIN] | *[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxon/taxonomydetail?id=4354 GRIN] | ||
*[ | *[https://www.ipni.org/n/86067-1 IPNI] | ||
*[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/apex/f?p=185:46:1737838562056::NO::module,mf_use,source,akzanz,rehm,akzname,taxid:mf,,botnam,0,,Arum%20maculatum,29381 Mansfeld] | *[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/apex/f?p=185:46:1737838562056::NO::module,mf_use,source,akzanz,rehm,akzname,taxid:mf,,botnam,0,,Arum%20maculatum,29381 Mansfeld] | ||
*[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Arum.html Multilingual Plant Name Database] | *[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Arum.html Multilingual Plant Name Database] | ||
*[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Arum%20maculatum Plants for a future] | *[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Arum%20maculatum Plants for a future] | ||
*[http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:86067-1 Plants of the World Online] | *[http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:86067-1 Plants of the World Online] | ||
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*[http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Arum%20maculatum Wikiphyto] | *[http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Arum%20maculatum Wikiphyto] | ||
*[http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000279961 World Flora Online] | *[http://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000279961 World Flora Online] | ||
[[Category:Arum]] | [[Category:Arum]] | ||
Dernière version du 17 octobre 2025 à 16:28
Arum maculatum L.
| Ordre | Alismatales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Araceae |
| Genre | Arum |
2n =
Origine : Europe
sauvage
| Français | arum |
|---|---|
| Anglais | cuckoopint |
- tubercule source d'amidon, après détoxification
- feuilles parfois consommées cuites
- tubercules parfois donnés aux porcs
- médicinal
Description
-
feuilles tachetées
-
structure de l'inflorescence
-
fruits
- plante herbacée vivace de 20-50 cm, glabre
- tubercule ovale-oblong
- feuilles naissant au printemps, à pétiole plus long que le limbe, hastées-sagittées, maculées de brun ou entièrement vertes
- spathe grande, vert jaunâtre ou violacée
- spadice 2 à 3 fois plus court que la spathe, à massue rouge violacé environ 1 fois plus courte que son pédicelle
- anneau mâle 2-3 fois plus court que le femelle, muni en dessous et en dessus de nombreux filaments
Noms populaires
| français | arum, gouet, pied-de-veau |
| anglais | cuckoopint, lords-and-ladies, Adam-and-Eve |
| allemand | Aronstab |
| néerlandais | aronskelk |
| italien | gigaro scuro |
| espagnol | aro |
| turc | yılan ekmeǧi, yılan yastıǧı |
Classification
Arum maculatum L. (1753)
Histoire
-
Flora Batava, 1872
-
Sturm, 1796. Deutschlands Flora
-
Thomé, 1885, Flora von Deutschland
Usages
- Voir les Plantes médicinales de Cazin (1868)
Arum maculatum Linn. ADAM-AND-EVE. BOBBINS. CUCKOO PINT. LORDS-AND-LADIES. STARCH-ROOT. WAKE ROBIN. Europe. The thick and tuberous root, while fresh, is extremely acrid, but by heat its injurious qualities are destroyed, and in the isle of Portland the plant was extensively used in the preparation of an arrowroot. According to Sprengel [1], its roots are cooked and eaten in Albania, and in Slavonia it is made into a kind of bread. The leaves, even of this acrid plant, are said by Pallas [2] to be eaten by the Greeks of Crimea. "Dioscorides showeth that the leaves also are prescribed to be eaten and that they must be eaten after they be dried and boyled [3]."
In the middle ages in Central Europe and elsewhere (recently in India ?) cultivated as magic and medicinal plant. The corms are edible after drying and/or roasting or cooking. They are used to produce a fine starch. Wild distribution: Europe except the most northern part.
Les arums sont une source d'amidon qui a été utilisée dans la préhistoire, dans l'Antiquité et en période de disette (par exemple pendant la Révolution française).
Les tubercules contiennent des cristaux d'oxalate de calcium, qui sont éliminés soit par lavage de l'amidon soit par cuisson en plusieurs eaux.
Ils donnaient un amidon fin, le sagou de Portland, apprécié en Normandie et en Angleterre.
En Turquie, les feuilles servent à envelopper des boulettes de viande, de riz ou de boulgour, appelées sarma. (Dogan et al., 2015, 2017).
Références
- Dambourney, Louis-Alexandre, 1786. Recueil de procédés et d'expériences sur les teintures solides que nos végétaux indigènes communiquent aux laines & aux lainages. Paris, De l'imprimerie de Ph.-D. Pierres, premier imprimeur ordinaire du roi. 407 p. Voir sur Pl@ntUse
- Dogan, Yunus et al., 2015. Of the importance of a leaf: The ethnobotany of sarma in Turkey and the Balkans. J. Ethnobiol. & Ethnomed., 11-26. doi : 10.1186/s13002-015-0002-x
- Dogan, Yunus ; Nedelcheva, Anely & Pieroni, Andrea, 2017. The diversity of plants used for the traditional dish sarma in Turkey: nature, garden and traditional cuisine in the modern era. Emirates Journal of Food and Agriculture, 29 (6) : 429-440. doi: 10.9755/ejfa.2016-09-1238.
- Fischer-Benzon, R. von - Altdeutsche Gartenflora - Untersuchungen über die Nutzpflanzen des deutschen Mittelalters, ihre Wanderung und ihre Vorgeschichte im klassischen Altertum. Lipsius & Tischer Kiel 1894: 254 p.
- Gessner, O. - Die Gift- und Arzneipflanzen von Mitteleuropa (Pharmakologie, Toxikologie, Therapie)., Ed. 2 Carl Winter Heidelberg 1953: 804 p.