Dendranthema grandiflorum (PROSEA)

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Plant Resources of South-East Asia
Introduction
List of species


Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitam.

Protologue: Acta Phytotax. Geobot. 29(6): 165 (1978).

Synonyms

  • Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. (1792),
  • C. sinense Sabine (1823),
  • Dendranthema morifolium (Ramat.) Tzvelev (1961).

Vernacular names

  • Chrysanthemum, florist’s mum (En)
  • Philippines: rosas de Japon (Tagalog), mansanilla (Iloko)
  • Thailand: dok-khee-kai (northern), benchamaat, benchamaat nuu (central)
  • Vietnam: bạch cúc, cúc hoa trẳng.

Distribution

D. × grandiflorum is cultivated in many countries as an ornamental, and 13 cultivar groups are recognized. It is of very ancient cultivation, a native of China and Japan, and can be found in gardens, or naturalized, throughout South-East Asia.

Uses

D. × grandiflorum is cultivated in Malesia mainly as an ornamental, but is also used medicinally. It is cultivated as a flower-vegetable in China, Japan and Iraq, and is used in Indo-China to flavour tea and alcohols.

Observations

  • An aromatic biannual or perennial herb, 30-120 cm tall.
  • Leaves ovate, pinnatilobed to pinnatifid, very variable in size, base cuneate, often with 1-2 small, widely patent segments, on the lower surface densely white- or grey-appressed-hairy, on the upper surface almost glabrous; heads often in a dense corymb, peduncle hardly thickened at the top, hairy, involucre usually cup-shaped, involucral bracts hairy, often widely patent, 6-9 mm long or longer, heads very variable, 2-20 cm in diameter.
  • Corolla of ligulate flower 11-35 mm long, white, yellow, pink, red, violet or brown.

D. × grandiflorum is a hybrid of unknown parentage, grown in gardens, and flowering throughout the year. It resembles D. indicum, but is usually taller.

Selected sources

  • [28] Ahn, S.B., Lee, S.H. & Cho, W.S., 1990. The insect pest species on the Compositae herb plants and their damages. Research Reports of the Rural Development Administration. Crop Protection 32(3): 26—31. (in Korean)
  • [54] Ann, P.J., 1996. Phytophthora diseases of Compositae. Plant Pathology Bulletin 5(3): 146—153.
  • [138] Cac Hoa Vong, 1976. The chrysanthemum. Ky thuat trong cay thuoc [Planting technique of medicinal plants]. The Medicinal Publishing House, Hanoi, Vietnam. p. 65—69. (in Vietnamese)
  • [144] Campolmi, P., Sertoli, A., Fabbri, P. & Panconesi, E., 1978. Alantolactone sensitivity in chrysanthemum contact dermatitis. Contact Dermatitis 4(2): 93—102.
  • [163] Chang, C.F., Kamiya, Y., Nagasawa, H. & Tamura, S., 1975. Occurrence of two catechol derivates in Chrysanthemum morifolium. Agricultural and Biological Chemistry 39(2): 573—574.
  • [282] Endo, M., Iwasa, S., 1982. Characteristics and classification of edible and garnish chrysanthemums, Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. Journal of the Japanese Society for Horticultural Science 51(2): 177—186. (in Japanese)
  • [309] Flora Europaea (various editors), 1964—1980. Volume 1—5. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
  • [322] Fournier, P., 1948. Le livre des plantes médicinales et vénéneuses de France [The book on medicinal and poisonous plants of France]. Vol. 3. Paul Lechevalier, Paris, France. 636 pp.
  • [327] Fukai, S., Shibata, M., Amano, M., Yamasaki, N., & Oe, M., 1989. Plant regeneration from protoplasts of chrysanthemum (Dendranthema grandiflorum (Ramat.) Kitamura). Bulletin of the Osaka Agricultural Research Center (Japan) 25: 25—30. (in Japanese)
  • [365] Greger, H., 1977. Anthemideae - chemical review. In: Heywood, V.H., Harborne, J.B. & Turner, B.L. (Editors): The biology and chemistry of the Compositae. Vol. 2. Academic Press, New York & San Francisco, United States and London, United Kingdom. pp. 899—941.
  • [407] Heyne, K., 1950. De nuttige planten van Indonesië [The useful plants of Indonesia]. 3rd Edition. 2 volumes. W. van Hoeve, 's-Gravenhage, the Netherlands/Bandung, Indonesia. 1660 + CCXLI pp.
  • [451] Hu, L.H., Chen, Z.L., Hu, 1997. Sesquiterpenoid alcohols from Chrysanthemum morifolium. Phytochemistry 44(7): 1287—1290.
  • [512] Katayama, H., 1997. Occurrence of the western flower thrips Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) and damage of chrysanthemum by this species. Proceedings of the Kansai Plant Protection Society 39: 5—7. (in Japanese)
  • [546] Kloppenburg-Versteegh, J., 1934. Wenken en raadgevingen betreffende het gebruik van Indische planten, vruchten, enz. [Hints and recommendations on the use of East-Indies plants, fruits etc.]. G.T.C. van Dorp, Semarang, Surabaya, Bandung, Dutch East Indies. (5th Edition. 1978. Servire, Katwijk aan Zee, the Netherlands). 364 pp.
  • [628] Liu, T.X. & Oetting, R.D., 1994. Oviposition preference of Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) on eight species of greenhouse-grown plants. Journal of Agricultural Entomology 11(2): 177—179.
  • [639] Mabberley, D.J., 1997. The Plant-Book. A portable dictionary of the vascular plants. 2nd Edition. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom. 858 pp.
  • [647] Mansfeld, R., 1986. Verzeichnis landwirtschaftlicher und gärtnerischer Kulturpflanzen (ohne Zierpflanzen) [Register of agricultural and horticultural plants in cultivation (without ornamentals)]. Schultze-Motel, J. et al. (Editors). 2nd Edition. 4 volumes. Springer Verlag, Berlin, Germany. 1998 pp.
  • [775] Park, S.D., Park, S.D. & Choi, B.S., 1993. Fauna of plant parasitic nematodes in medicinal herbs. RDA Journal of Agricultural Science, Crop Protection 35(1): 414—429.
  • [788] Pételot, A., 1952—1954. Les plantes médicinales du Cambodge, du Laos et du Vietnam [The medicinal plants of Cambodia, Laos and Vietnam]. 4 volumes. Centre National de Recherches Scientifiques et Techniques, Saigon, Vietnam.
  • [810] Quisumbing, E., 1978. Medicinal plants of the Philippines. Katha Publishing Co., Quezon City, the Philippines. 1262 pp.
  • [843] Robinson, K.E.P. & Firoozabady, E., 1993. Transformation of floriculture crops. Scientia Horticulturae 55(1—2): 83—99.
  • [999] Terashima, S., Shimizu, M., Horie, S. & Morita, N., 1991. Studies on aldose reductase inhibitors from natural products. IV. Constituents and aldose reductase inhibitory effect of Chrysanthemum morifolium, Bixa orellana and Ipomoea batatas. Chemical and Pharmaceutical Bulletin 39(12): 3346—3347.
  • [1053] Wang, P.W. & Chen, J.Y., 1990. Studies on breeding new cultivars of ground-cover chrysanthemum. Acta Horticultura Sinica 17(3): 223—228. (in Chinese)
  • [1101] Yang, M.F., Liu, X.D. & Pan, X.F., 1997. Analysis of constituents of essential oil from Dendranthema grandiflorum. Journal of Northeast Forestry University 25(6): 87—91. (in Chinese)
  • [1104] Yasukawa, K., Akihisa, T., Inoue, Y., Tamura, T., Yamanouchi, S. & Takido, M., 1998. Inhibitory effect of the methanol extracts from Compositae plants on 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate-induced ear oedema in mice. Phytotherapy Research 12(7): 484—487.
  • [1105] Yasukawa, K., Akihisa, T., Kasahara, Y., Ukiya, M., Kumaki, K., Tamura, T., Yamanouchi, S. & Takido, M., 1998. Inhibitory effect of heliantriol C, a component of edible Chryanthemum, on tumor promotion by 12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate in two-stage carcinogenesis in mouse skin. Phytomedicine 5(3): 215—218.

Main genus page

Authors

  • G.H. Schmelzer
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