Alocasia macrorrhizos
Alocasia macrorrhizos
(L.) G. Don
| Ordre | Alismatales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Araceae |
| Genre | Alocasia |
2n = 26, 28, 56
Origine : Sri Lanka
sauvage ou cultivé
| Français | taro géant |
|---|---|
| Anglais | giant taro |
- tubercule consommé comme féculent
- feuilles et pétioles : légume
- médicinal
Description
-
inflorescence -
infrutescence -
infrutescence
.jpg)
Noms populaires
| français | taro géant ; songe papangue (La Réunion) |
| anglais | giant taro |
| espagnol | cará-tayá, malanga de jardín ; taro gigante (Mansfeld) |
| portugais | inhame gigante |
| japonais | manshio-imo |
| Inde | alavu, aloo, boro mankachu (Mansfeld) |
| Bangladesh | maan kachu (Mansfeld) |
| indonésien | bira ; birah, sense, sente (Mansfeld) |
| Philippines | biga |
| Malaysia | keladi birah, keladi sebaring (Mansfeld) |
| tahitien | ape (aussi Hawaii et Polynésie) |
| Samoa | ta'amu (Mansfeld) |
| Micronésie | fine (Mansfeld) |
| Polynésie | uvea (Mansfeld) |
| Iles du Pacifique | kape (Mansfeld) |
Classification
Alocasia macrorrhizos (L.) G. Don (1839)
synonymes :
- Arum macrorrhizon L. (1753)
- Alocasia indica (Lour.) Spach (1841)
- Colocasia macrorrhizos (L.) Schott (1832)
Linné a adopté le mode grec de transcription des terminaisons. Il faut donc écrire macrorrhizos et non macrorrhiza. En effet, pour les adjectifs grecs dont le second élément est un substantif, le grec utilisait -os (m. et f.), -on (n.). Les Romains ont latinisé en -us (m.), -a (f.), -um (n.). On peut choisir l'un ou l'autre des modes de transcription, mais il faut être cohérent, et suivre l'usage de l'auteur du basionyme.
Cultivars
Histoire
-
Seikei Zusetsu, 1804, vol. 22, 11 (à gauche) -
Blanco, 1880-1883, Flora de Filipinas.
_G.Don_-_%E6%B0%B4%E8%8A%8B_-_Colocasia_esculenta_(L.)_Schott,_1804.jpg)
Usages
-
tubercules en vente près de Khanapur, Uttara Kanara, Inde.
Alocasia indica Schott. Aroideae. PAI. East Indies and south Asia, South Sea Islands and east Australia. The underground stems constitute a valuable and important vegetable of the native dietary in India. The stems sometimes grow to an immense size and can be preserved for a considerable time, hence they are of great importance in jail dietary when fresh vegetables become scarce in the bazar or jail-garden [1]. For its esculent stems and small, pendulous tubers of its root, it is cultivated in Bengal and is eaten by people of all ranks in their curries. In the Polynesian islands its large tuberous roots are eaten [2]. Wilkes [3] says the natives of the Kingsmill group of islands cultivate this species with great care. The root is said to grow to a very large size.
Alocasia macrorhiza Schott. APE. TARO. Tropics of Asia, Australia and the islands of the Pacific. The root is eaten in India, after being cooked, but it is inferior to that of A. esculentum [1]. The roots are also eaten in tropical America as well as by the people of New Caledonia, who cultivate it [2]. It furnishes the roasting eddas [3] of Jamaica and the tayoea of Brazil [4]. It is the taro of New Holland, the roots of which, when roasted, afford a staple aliment to the natives [5]. Wilkes [6] states that this plant is the ape of the Tahitians and is cultivated as a vegetable.
Pantropically grown as ornamental for its large and colourful leaves. In India and parts of SE Asia an important crop for the starchy stems. Sometimes the cormels are also used. The corms are peeled and should be thoroughly cooked before eating. They are the source of easily digested white starch or flour. Leaves and petioles are eaten as vegetable after thoroughly cooking. Stems are medicinally used as laxative, roots and leaves as rubefacient and against coughs. It is easier to grow than taro but is generally considered inferior. It does not grow under water-logged conditions. Some cultivars do not produce oxalates. In the 19th cent. in Brazil an attempt to introduce it as fodder failed because of harmful action on livestock. Probably domesticated in S Asia (peninsular Malaysia ?). The separation of A. indica at species level is controversely discussed. Wild distribution: India and Malesia, elsewhere probably only escaped from cultivation.
Références
- Burkill, I. H. - A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula. 2 Vols Ministry Agric. & Cooperatives Kuala Lumpur 1966: 2444 p.
- Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 68)
- Elevitch, Craig (ed.), 2011. Specialty Crops for Pacific Islands: horticulture, value-added processing, and marketing. Holualoa, Hawai'i, Permanent Agriculture Resources. 576 p., 940 photos. Agroforestry télécharger le pdf
- Kay, D. E. (1973) - Root crops. - Crops and Products Digest 2 Tropical Products Institute, Crops and Products Digest London: 245 p.
- Manner, H. J. & E. Mallon (1989) - An annoted list of the vascular plants of Puluwat Atoll. - Micronesica 22 (1): 23-63.
- Montaldo, A. (1972) - Cultivo de raíces y tubérculos tropicales. - Textos y materiales de Enseñanza 21 Instituto Interamericano de Ciencias Agricolas de la OEA Lima (Peru): 284 p.
- Nicolson, D. H., 1986. Species epithets and gender information. Taxon, 35 : 326.
- O'Hair, S. K. & M. P. Asokan (1986) - Edible Aroids: botany and horticulture. - Hort. Rev. 8: 43-99.
- Palmer, J. - Lesser known crop plants of the South Pacific: an annotated bibliography. DSIR - Crop Res. Division Christchurch 1989: 134 p.
- Pancho, J. V. (1959) - Notes on cultivated Aroids in the Philippines 1. The edible species. - Baileya. 7: 63-70.
- Pétard Paul, 1986. Plantes utiles de Polynésie. Raau Tahiti. Ed. revue et augmentée. Papeete, Editions Haere po no Tahiti. 354 p.
- Purseglove, J. W. - Tropical crops. Monocotyledons. 1 & 2 Longman London 1972: 607 p.
- Rotar, P. P., D. L. Plucknett & B. K. Bird (1978) - Bibliography of taro and edible aroids. - Coll. Trop. Agric. Hum. Resourc. misc. Publ. 158 Dept. Agr. Soil Sci., Coll. Trop. Agric. Hum. Resourc., Univ. of Hawaii at Manoa Manoa: 245 p.
- Tindall, H. D. - Vegetables in the tropics. Macmillan Houndmills 1987: 533 p.
- Wealth of India. (1948) - The Wealth of India. A dictionary of Indian raw materials and industrial products. - Raw Materials 1 Council Scientific Industrial Research New Delhi.