Astragalus boeticus
Astragalus boeticus L.
| Ordre | Fabales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Fabaceae |
| Genre | Astragalus |
2n =
Origine : aire d'origine
sauvage ou cultivé
| Français | vesce à café |
|---|---|
| Anglais | Swedish coffee |
- graines torréfiées : ersatz de café
Description
-
plante
- plante annuelle de 20-60 cm, verte, peu velue
- feuilles imparipennées, longues, à 9-15 paires de folioles elliptiques ou oblongues
- stipules libres, lancéolées-acuminées
- fleurs jaunes, assez grandes, dressées, 5-15 en grappes oblongues, un peu lâches, sur des pédoncules environ l fois plus courts que la feuille
- gousses de 20-40 mm sur 6-8, saillantes, dressées, oblongues-linéaires, comprimées, droites, terminées en bec crochu, non stipitées. (Coste)
Noms populaires
| français | vesce à café |
| anglais | Swedish coffee |
| allemand | Kaffeewicke |
| italien | astragalo di Spagna |
| espagnol | café de la China, café mexicano |
Classification
Astragalus boeticus L. (1753)
Cultivars
Histoire
-
Sibthorp, 1786-1787, Flora Graeca, vol. 8, pl. 730
Usages
Astragalus boeticus Linn. SWEDISH COFFEE. Mediterranean region. In certain parts of Germany and Hungary, this plant is cultivated for its seeds, which are roasted, ground and used as a substitute for coffee. Its culture is the same as that of the common pea or tare. The name applied to the seeds, Swedish coffee, would indicate that it is also grown in Scandinavia.
In central and S European countries cultivated, mainly in the first half of the 19th cent., for the seeds, they had been used roasted as coffee substitute. During the embargo of the European continent in Napoleonic times Swedish coffee seeds were rather important trade subjects. Later on the species was largely replaced by the coffee chicory. Local cultivation was maintained in Switzerland, Croatia and Dalmatia till the beginning of the 20th cent., sometimes it was grown also outside Europe, e.g. in Ethiopia. Other species of this subgenus from Middle Asia have potential value as forage plants in arid continental areas, e.g. A. filicaulis Fisch. & Mey. in Bull. Soc. Nat. Moscou 12 (1839) 152, A. rytilobus Bunge, Astrag. Turk. (1880) 209, and A. schmalhausenii Bunge in Acta hort. Petrop. 7 (1880) 369. Wild distribution: Mediterranean and Near East countries.
| TROTTER (1915) souligne qu'en Algérie les graines de Astragalus baeticus L. sont utilisées pour fournir un succédané du café. |
Références
- Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 386)
- Hegi, G. - Illustrierte Flora von Mittel-Europa., Ed. 1 IV (3) 1924.
- Medvedev, P. F. & A. I. Smetannikova - Kormovye rastenija evropejskoj časti SSSR. Kolos Leningrad 1981: 336 p.
- Soskov, Ju. D., I. E. Kosylja & S. Kh. Khysainov, (1979) - Agrobiologičesckie izučenie aridnych kormovych rastenij v severskom Priaral'e. - Trudy prikl. bot., genet. selekcii 65 (2): 79-86.