Avena strigosa
Avena strigosa Schreb.
| Ordre | Poales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Poaceae |
| Genre | Avena |
2n =
Origine : France, Espagne, Portugal
sauvage et cultivé
| Français | avoine rude |
|---|---|
| Anglais | black oat |
- céréale
- fourrage
- surtout adventice
Description
-
grains
- plante annuelle de 50 cm à 1 m et plus, dressée, à racine fibreuse
- feuilles planes, glabres ou peu poilues
- ligule courte, tronquée
- panicule lâche, peu fournie, dressée puis penchée et presque unilatérale
- épillets pendants, longs de 18-20 mm étroits, à deux fleurs non articulées, toutes pédicellées et aristées ou la supérieure mutique
- axe glabre
- glumes un peu inégales, égalant les fleurs, lancéolées-acuminées, à 7-9 nervures
- glumelles un peu inégales, l'inférieure noirâtre, glabre, scabre, fendue jusqu'au tiers en deux lobes longuement aristés, à arête dorsale longue, genouillée, tordue et noirâtre inférieurement. (Coste)
Noms populaires
| français | avoine rude |
| anglais | black oat, bristle oat, small oat |
| allemand | Rauhhafer, Sandhafer |
Classification
Avena strigosa Schreb. (1771).
Cultivars
Histoire
-
Lowe, 1858, A natural history of British grasses.
-
Flora Batava, 1881, 16.
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Usages
Avena strigosa Schreb. BRISTLE-POINTED OAT. MEAGRE OAT. Europe. Pickering [1] says this plant is of the Tauro-Caspian countries; it was first observed in. Germany in 1771 [2] by Retz [3] in Sweden in 1779; and the same year by Withering [4] in Britain. Lindley [5] says it is found wild in abundance in grain fields all over Europe. The smallness of the grain renders this oat unfit for cultivation except on poor, mountainous places, where nothing better may be had. The Germans, however, have much improved it.
Cultivated on a small scale, especially in Wales, Scotland. Until the 19th cent. cultivated more frequently, also in mixture with common oat; at present it is found often only as weed in cereal fields or as ruderal plant. Utilized like common oat. Wild distribution: Portugal, Spain, Corsica, France, Belgium, Luxemburg, United Kingdom, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, Norway, Sweden, Finland, Austria, Hungary, Slovakia, Lithuania, Belorussia, Russia.
Références
- Baum, B. R. (1977) - Oats: wild and cultivated. A monograph of the genus Avena L. (Poaceae). - - Monograph. 14 Biosyst. Res. Inst., Canada Dep. Agric., Res. Branch Ottawa,Canada: 463 p.
- Hegi, G. - Illustrierte Flora von Mitteleuropa, Ed. 3 I (3) 1998.
- Leggett, J. M. (1992): Classification and speciation in Avena (pp 29-52) - In: H. G. Marshall & M. E. Sorrells (eds.) - Oat science and technology. - Agronomy 33 Amer. Soc. Agronomy Madison: 846 p.
- Rodionova, N. A., V. N. Soldatov, V. E. Merežko, N. P. Jaroš & V. D. Kobyljanskij (1994): Oves. - In: V. D. Kobyljanskij & V. N. Soldatov (eds.) - Kul'turnaja flora, Tom 2, Čast' 3 Kolos Moskva: 368 p.
- Whyte, R. O., T. R. G. Moir & J. P. Cooper (1959) - Grasses in agriculture. - FAO Agricultural Studies 42 FAO Rome: 417 p.