Cupressus lindleyi (CYPMED)
Cupressus lindleyi Klotzsch ex Endl. (1847)
Notes taxonomiques, synonymies
- Cupressus lusitanica var. lindleyi (Klotzsch ex Endl.) Carr.
- Cupressus benthamii var. lindleyi (Klotzsch ex Endl.) Mast.
Nom commun
Teotlate Cypress, Cyprès nuculpat, Ciprés nuculpat, Gretado amarillo ou galán, Tascade.
Port dans la zone d’origine
Hauteur 10-30 m. Feuillage conique, avec des branches légèrement ascendantes. Dimensions des microsporophylles : environ 4 mm.
Notes
Croît sur sols rocheux, alluviaux, profonds et fertiles, sur roches ignées, calcaires mais aussi en sols argileux, sableux et acides. Vient dans la région climatique sub-humide avec des précipitations annuelles entre 1 000 et 3 000 mm et température moyenne annuelle supérieure à 12°C. Sensible à la pollution atmosphérique. N’est pas très résistant aux vents. Très susceptible au Seiridium cardinale.
Principaux composants de l’huile essentielle
terpin-1-èn-4-ol (17.18%), sabinène (15.32%), Δ-3 carène (14.53%), α-pinène (12.47), γ-terpinène (7.17%), terpinolène (4.37%), myrcène (4.07%), limonène (3.87%), α-terpinène (2.64%), acétate d’α-terpenyle (1.77%).
Bibliographie sur les huiles essentielles
- 3 Etude chimiotaxinomique du genre Cupressus. Pierre-Leandri Christelle. 2000. Thèse de doctorat en chimie, 19/1/2000. Université de Nice Sophia-Antipolis.
- 6 Comparisons among Cupressus arizonica Greene, C. benthamii Endl., C. lindleyi Klotz. ex Endl. and C. lusitanica Mill. using leaf essential oils and DNA fingerprinting. Adams,-R.P. ; Zanoni,-T.A. ; Lara,-A. ; Barrero,-A.F. ; Cool,-L.G. Journal of essential oil research (JEOR) (USA). 1997. v. 9(3) p. 303-309.
- The chemical composition of the leaf oils are reported for Cupressus arizonica, C. benthamii and C. lindleyi from Mexico and compared to the leaf oil of C. lusitanica, introduced to Portugal in ca. 1634. The oil of C. arizonica has moderate amounts of butyl methyl ether (8.6%), alpha-pinene (7.6%), beta-phellandrene (5.7%), umbellulone (5.4%), isophyllocladene (5.8%), phyllocladene (4.1%), nezukol (8.5%) and phyllocladanol (14.2%). The oil of C. benthamii has a large amount of abietadiene (26%) and trans-totarol (19.3%), with moderate amounts of alpha-pinene (4.1%), cis-totarol (4.2%) and trans-ferruginol (5.0%). The oil of C. lindleyi has moderate amounts of butyl methyl ether (6.5%), limonene (14.0%), beta-phellandrene (13.0%), umbellulone (8.1%), terpinen-4-ol (4.6%) and alpha-cadinol (10.0%). The oil of C. lusitanica has considerable abietadiene (11-24%), with moderate amounts of alpha-pinene (6.0-16.6%), sabinene (6.7- 10.3%) and trans-totarol (5.1-6.5%). C. lusitanica was about as similar to C. arizonica as it was to C. benthamii or C. lindleyi in either terpenoids or Random Amplified Polymorphic DNAs (RAPDs). C. benthamii and C. lindleyi were quite distinct and continued specific recognition seems warranted. C. lusitanica appears to be a distinct taxon but it’s origin is still not resolved.