Epipremnum pinnatum
Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl.
| Ordre | Alismatales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Araceae |
| Genre | Epipremnum |
2n =
Origine : Asie du Sud et du Sud-Est
sauvage ou cultivé
| Français | pothos |
|---|---|
| Anglais | dragon-tail plant |
- médicinal : feuilles, tige, inflorescence
- médecine vétérinaire : feuilles
- fourrage : feuilles, pousses
- vannerie : racines aériennes
- ornemental
Description
-
plante -
tiges -
feuilles -
inflorescences -
fruits -
fruit mûr
_2.jpg)
_6.jpg)
- plante grimpante atteignant 15 m de long; tige atteignant 4 cm de diamètre, à entrenœuds munis de cicatrices foliaires, et à nombreuses racines-crampons.
- feuilles alternes, ovales à oblongues-elliptiques, habituellement pinnatifides, mais les juvéniles entières, de 10-93 cm de long, parfois perforées.
- pétiole de 20-60 cm de long, géniculé à la base et à l'apex.
- inflorescence : spadice cylindrique, blanc, jaune ou vert, atteignant 25 cm de long, enveloppé par une spathe carénée caduque après l'anthèse.
- fleurs bisexuées, sans périanthe, à 4 étamines.
- fruit : baies verdâtres, enserrées dans une infrutescence cylindrique, à pulpe collante rouge-orange.
Noms populaires
| français | pothos |
| anglais | dragon-tail plant |
| chinois | 麒麟叶 - qi lin ye |
| Philippines | tabatib (tagalog), takotin (bisaya), amlong (bikol, bisaya) (PROSEA) |
| Indonésie | lolo munding (sundanais), jalu mampang (javanais), samblung (balinais) (PROSEA) |
| Thaïlande | ngot, ngot khao (Surin), naang rong (Trat) (PROSEA) |
| Vietnam | ráy leo lá xẻ, ráy ngót (PROSEA) |
Classification
Epipremnum pinnatum (L.) Engl. (1908).
basionyme :
- Pothos pinnatus L. (1763).
synonyme :
- Monstera dilacerata (K. Koch & Sello) K. Koch (1855).
Cultivars
-
cultivar 'Neon' à feuilles dorées
Il existe des cultivars à feuilles panachées.
Histoire
-
Wallich, 1831, Plantae Asiaticae Rariores, vol. 2, pl. 192 -
Blanco, 1880-1883, Flora de Filipinas
Usages
Bangladesh to Ryukyu Isl., Indonesia, New Guinea, Australia (Queensland) and Cook Isl.; the cultivar 'Aurea' sometimes escaped from cultivation in the tropics. Wild distribution: In various parts of its native range rather often used and sometimes also cultivated as medicinal plant against rheumatism, dysentery, fractures, etc.
E. pinnatum is used medicinally in different parts of its large area of distribution. The leaves are regularly sold in markets in Singapore for use in herbal tea, which is reputedly effective against rheumatism and cancer, and acts as a general tonic. In the Philippines, the sap is applied to snake bites, and the inflorescence is used as an emmenagogue. In Indonesia, the inner part of the stem is applied as embrocation to treat sprains. In New Britain, the leaves are used externally to treat abscesses and swellings. In Vietnam, whole plants are used in traditional medicine, to treat fractures, bruises, cough, paralysis, rheumatism, conjunctivitis, mastitis, ecchymosis and furuncles, and as an antidote.
Baskets have been made in the Philippines from the inner parts of the aerial roots. In Tonga, the aerial roots of E. pinnatum are collected, baked on stones in an oven, and immersed in salt water for a long period to preserve them and to make it easier to remove the bark. The weavers split these prepared roots horizontally, and make traditional baskets from them, together with the leaf midribs of coconut.
E. pinnatum is often cultivated as an ornamental, with or without variegated leaves. In Bali, the leaves and young shoots are fed to cattle; in horses, they act as vermifuge.
Références
- Chen, M. J. & I. M. Turner (1998). The use of Epipremnum pinnatum (Araceae) in Singapore in the treatment of cancer: an unreported application of a herbal medicine. Econ. Bot. 52 (1): 108-109.