Melaleuca cajuputi
Melaleuca cajuputi Powell
| Ordre | Myrtales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Myrtaceae |
| Genre | Melaleuca |
2n =
Origine : Australie, Nlle-Guinée, Indonésie, de Thaïlande au Vietnam
sauvage et cultivé
| Français | |
|---|---|
| Anglais |
- bois d'œuvre
- bois de feu
- feuilles et pousses : source d'huile essentielle (cajeput),
médicinale, insecticide, cosmétique, alimentaire - médicinal : feuilles
- écorce : rembourrage, emballage, isolation
- mellifère
- arbre d'ombrage
- reforestation
Description
-
1, rameau en fleurs et en fruits ; 2, fleur ; 3, section longitudinale d'une fleur (PROSEA).
-
arbre -
feuilles -
répartition
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Noms populaires
| français | cajeput |
| anglais | cajeput, cajaput (Inde), cajuput, swamp tea-tree ; punk tree (Am) |
| sanscrit | कायापुटी - kāyāputi |
| hindi | kayaputi (Wealth of India) |
| bengali | cajuputte, cajaputi (Wealth of India) |
| marathi | cajuputa |
| tamoul | kaiyappudai (Wealth of India) |
| Indonésie | kayu putih (général), galam (sundanais), gelam (javanais, madurais) (PROSEA) |
| Malaysia | kayu putih, gelam (PROSEA) |
| Thaïlande | samet-khao (PROSEA) |
| Vietnam | cây tràm (PROSEA) |
| Cambodge | ស្មាច់ចន្លុះ - smach chanlos (PROSEA) (chanlos = torche) |
- Voir l'étymologie de cajuputi
Classification
Melaleuca cajuputi Powell (1809)
synonyme :
- Melaleuca leucadendra auct. nonn., non Melaleuca leucadendra (L.) L. (1767)
Cultivars
Histoire
-
Stephenson & Churchill, 1836, Medical Botany
Usages
Cultivated mainly in Indonesia and Vietnam for the leaves and twigs. The timber serves for ship-construction, carpentry and turnery. The fresh leaves and young twigs contain the cajuput oil. It is used mainly for medicinal purposes, especially in the treatment of intestinal worms. In the producing countries the oil is also used as insecticide. It is very rich in cineole. Three subspecies had been described, only subsp. cajuputi is in cultivation; its native area is restricted to N Australia and E Indonesia. Melaleuca quinquenervia (Cav.) S.T. Blake in Proc. Roy. Soc. Queensl. 69 (1958) 76, also a member of the M. leucodendra complex. (broad-leaved paperbark or tea tree; Fr. niaouli) from E Australia, New Guinea and New Caledonia is widely cultivated in the Philippines, India, Hawaii, Caribbean area and Florida as a forestry tree and for windbreak. Its leaf oil (niaouli or gomen oil), is medicinally used, too, but comes from collecting natural stands only.