Nypa fruticans
Nypa fruticans Wurmb.
| Ordre | Arecales |
|---|---|
| Famille | Arecaceae |
| Genre | Nypa |
2n = 34
Origine : Asie tropicale, Australie
sauvage et cultivé
| Français | palmier nipa |
|---|---|
| Anglais | nipa palm |
- sève : sucre, vin, vinaigre
- albumen gélatineux des fruits immatures : attap seeds consommées
- feuilles pour couvrir les toits
- folioles et pétioles : balais, paniers, nattes, chapeaux
- épiderme des jeunes feuilles : papier à cigarettes
- médicinal
Description
-
mangrove de nipa
-
infrutescence
-
fruits
-
attap seeds (albumen)
-
feuilles de nipa séchées
-
toit en feuilles de nipa
Noms populaires
| français | palmier nipa, palmier d’eau |
| anglais | nipa palm, mangrove palm |
| allemand | Nipa-Palme, Atap-Palme |
| italien | nippa |
| espagnol | nipa |
| portugais | nipa, nipeira |
| Philippines | nipa (filipino), lasa (tagalog), sasa (bisaya, ilokano, bikol) (PROSEA) |
| Indonésie | nipah (Indonesian), buyuk (Javanese), bobo (Moluccas) |
| Malaysia | nipah (PROSEA) |
| Papouasie-Nouvelle-Guinée | biri-biri (koriki) (PROSEA) |
| Thaïlande | chak (général) (PROSEA) |
| Vietnam | dừa nước, dừa lá (PROSEA) |
| Cambodge | cha:k (PROSEA) |
| Birmanie | dane (PROSEA) |
Classification
Nypa fruticans Wurmb. (1781)
synonyme :
- Nipa fruticans Thunb. (1782)
Cultivars
Histoire
-
Blume, 1847, Rumphia
-
Blanco, 1880-1883, Flora de Filipinas
Usages
Cultivated in Bangladesh, on the Philippines, Sulawesi and Sumatera. Introduced into S Nigeria. Often wild stands are exploited. The leaves serve as a thatch for roofs and house walls or are made into mats, baskets, sunhats, brooms, raincoats, bags, and umbrellas. The unfolded leaflets are used as cigarette wrappers. The sweet sap, obtained from the stalk of inflorescence by tapping, is used fresh or fermented as a beverage or reduced to sugar by boiling. From the fermented sap alcohol can be destilled or vinegar is made. The jelly-like endosperm of the immature seeds is eaten raw or preserved in syrup or is made into sweetmeats. From the ash of petioles and stems salt is extracted. Several organs and products of the palm (sap, salt) are utilized medicinally. Wild distribution: Sri Lanka through SE Asia to N Australia.
Références
- Balick, M. J. (1988) - The palm - tree of life: biology, utilization and conservation. Proceedings of a symposium at the 1986 Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany held at The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, 13 - 14 June 1986. - Advances Econ. Bot. 6: 282 p.
- Blatter, E. - The palms of British India and Ceylon. Oxford Univ. Press London 1926: 600 p.
- Brown, W. H. (1951-1958) - Useful plants of the Philippines 1-3. - Techn. Bull. 10 Dept. Agric. Nat. Resources Rep. Philippines Manila: 1610 p.
- Burkill, I. H. - A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula. 2 Vols Ministry Agric. & Cooperatives Kuala Lumpur 1966: 2444 p.
- Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 535)
- Facciola, S. - Cornucopia. A source book of edible plants. Kampong Publ. Vista 1990: 677 p.
- Hamilton, L. S. & D. H. Murphy (1988) - Use and management of nipa palm (Nypa fructicans, Arecaceae): a review. - Econ. Bot. 42: 206-213.
- Johnson, D. (ed.) - Palms for human needs in Asia. A. A. Balkema Rotterdam, Brookfield 1991: 258 p.
- McCurrach, J. C. - Palms of the world. Harper New York 1960: 290 p.
- Päivöke, A. E. A. (1985) - Tapping practices and sap yields of the nipa palm (Nipa fructicans) in Papua New Guinea. - Agric. Eco-Syst. Environm. 13 (1): 59-72.
- Wealth of India. (1966) - The Wealth of India. A dictionary of Indian raw materials and industrial products. - Raw Materials 7 Council Scientific Industrial Research New Delhi.
- Zeven, A. C. & P. M. Zhukovsky - Dictionary of cultivated plants and their centres of diversity. Excluding ornamentals, forest trees and lower plants. Centre for Agricultural Publishing and Documentation Wageningen 1975: 219 p.