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Ligne 1 : Ligne 1 :
{{Page espèce (plante à graines)
{{Page espèce (plante à graines)
|image = Image non disponible.JPG
|image = Arenga pinnata - Marie Selby Botanical Gardens - Sarasota, Florida - DSC01218.jpg
|légende =  
|légende = palmier
|auteur = (Wurmb) Merr.
|auteur = (Wurmb) Merr.
|ordre = Arecales
|ordre = Arecales
Ligne 7 : Ligne 7 :
|genre = Arenga
|genre = Arenga
|nb chromosomes = 2n = 32
|nb chromosomes = 2n = 32
|origine = aire d'origine
|origine = Asie du Sud
|statut = sauvage ou cultivé
|statut = sauvage ou cultivé
|français = '''palmier à sucre'''
|anglais = '''sugar palm'''
}}{{Encadré
|color=lightgreen
|titre=Résumé des usages
|texte=*sève obtenue des inflorescences :<br>boisson, vin, vinaigre, sucre
*amidon (sagou) extrait du tronc
*jeunes feuilles : cœur de palmier
*albumen des fruits immatures consommé cuit (kolang kaling)
*larves élevées sur des troncs coupés
*mellifère
*fibres du tronc solides et durables
*fibres des racines et des feuilles aussi utilisées
*folioles utilisées en vannerie
*bois d'œuvre
*bois de feu : tronc, pétioles
*médicinal
}}
}}
*français : ''''''
== Description ==
*anglais : ''''''
<gallery mode="packed">
 
File:Aren pinna 070612 042 stgd.jpg|palmier
Cette page a été créée par un robot. Les premières tâches à faire sont de vérifier les liens, de clarifier la nomenclature et de choisir des photos dans Wikimedia Commons.
File:Aren pinna Fl 070612 043 stgd.jpg|inflorescence
 
File:Aren pinna 080814 2160 K srna.jpg|infrutescence
File:Aren pinna 080814 2082 K srna.jpg|fruits
</gallery>


== Noms populaires ==
== Noms populaires ==
*français : palmier à sucre
{| class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"
*anglais : gomuti palm, sugar palm, areng palm
| français  
*allemand : Zuckerpalme, Gomuti-Palme
| palmier à sucre
*néerlandais : arengpalm, suikerpalm
|-
*espagnol : palma de azúcar
| anglais  
*portugais : palmeira do açúcar, gomuteira
| gomuti palm, sugar palm, areng palm
*italien : palma dello zucchero
|-
*indonésien : aren, enau, kawung
| allemand  
 
| Zuckerpalme, Gomuti-Palme
== Biologie ==
|-
| néerlandais  
| arengpalm, suikerpalm
|-
| espagnol  
| palma de azúcar
|-
| portugais  
| palmeira do açúcar, gomuteira
|-
| italien  
| palma dello zucchero
|-
| Philippines
| kaong (tagalog), bagobat (bisaya), hidiok (bisaya) (PROSEA)
|-
| Indonésie
| aren, enau, kawung (PROSEA)
|-
| Malaysia
| enau, kabong, berkat (PROSEA)
|-
| Thaïlande
| chok (sud), tao (nord) (PROSEA)
|-
| Vietnam
| búng báng, doác, doát (PROSEA)
|-
| Laos
| ta:w ta:d (nord) (PROSEA)
|-
| Cambodge
| chuëk', chraè (PROSEA)
|-
| Birmanie
| taungong (PROSEA)
|}


== Classification ==
== Classification ==
Ligne 32 : Ligne 87 :


basionyme :
basionyme :
*''Saguerus pinnatus'' Wurmb
*''Saguerus pinnatus'' Wurmb (1779)


synonyme :
synonyme :
*''Arenga saccharifera'' Labill. ex DC. (1800)
*''Arenga saccharifera'' Labill. ex DC. (1800)
* ''Caryota onusta'' Blanco (1837)


== Cultivars ==
== Cultivars ==


== Histoire ==
== Histoire ==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Ming herbal (painting); Gomuti sugar palm Wellcome L0039432.jpg|Herbier Ming, 1644
File:Arenga pinnata Blanco2.419.jpg|Blanco, 1880-1883, ''Flora de Filipinas''
</gallery>


== Usages ==
== Usages ==
<gallery mode="packed">
File:Palmsaftgewinnung1.jpg|récolte de la sève
File:Aren pinna 080813 1988 K srna.jpg|extraction de l'albumen des fruits immatures pour le kolang kaling
File:Kolang-kaling di Car Free Day Jombang.jpg|kolang kaling
File:Palmzucker2.jpg|sucre
File:Arenga pinnata, palm sugar (14229888478).jpg|sucre
</gallery>
{{Citation encadré
|texte=''Arenga saccharifera'' Labill. ''Palmae''. ARENG PALM. Tropical eastern Asia. This palm has been called the most useful of all palms. Griffith <ref>Griffith, W. ''Palms Brit. Ind.'' 164. 1850.</ref> says, the young albumen preserved in sugar forms one of the well-known preserves of the Straits. Brandis <ref>Brandis, D. ''Forest Fl.'' 551. 1874.</ref> says, the heart of the stem contains large quantities of sago, and the cut flower-stalks yield a sugary sap of which sugar and palm-wine are made. Graham <ref>Pickering, C. ''Chron. Hist. Pls.'' 335. 1879.</ref> says, at Bombay this palm affords tolerably good sago and the sap, palm-wine and sugar. Seemann <ref>Seemann, B. ''Pop. Hist. Palms'' 64, 67. 1856.</ref> says, the bud, or cabbage, is eaten. The sap, of which some three quarts a day are collected, furnishes toddy and from this toddy, jaggery sugar is prepared. The seed, freed from its noxious covering, is made into a sweetmeat by the Chinese. From the pith, a species of sago is prepared which, however, has a peculiar flavor.
<references/>
|auteur =[[:en:Arenga (Sturtevant, 1919)#|Sturtevant, ''Notes on edible plants'', 1919]].
}}
{{Citation encadré
|texte=In the native area also cultivated, in semi-cultivation or escaped. The sugar containing sap, extracted by tapping from the peduncle of the male inflorescences, is made into palm sugar, palm wine, and vinegar. The endosperm of the seeds is eaten as a sweetmeat. From the pith of the trunk sago (East Indian sago, Java sago, East Indian tapioca) is obtained as famine food. The terminal bud is eaten as palm cabbage. The black horsehair-like fibres of the leaf bases serve the production of rigging and brushes as well as for covers of underwater telegraph cables, and for caulking of boats. The leaves are used for thatching houses. Wild distribution: SE Asia (mainland and isl.).
|auteur =Mansfeld.
}}


== Références ==
== Références ==
*Balick, M. J. (1988) - The palm - tree of life: biology, utilization and conservation. Proceedings of a symposium at the 1986 Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany held at The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, 13 - 14 June 1986. - Advances Econ. Bot. 6: 282 p.
*Blatter, E. - The palms of British India and Ceylon. Oxford Univ. Press London 1926: 600 p.
*Burkill, I. H. - A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula. 2 Vols Ministry Agric. & Cooperatives Kuala Lumpur 1966: 2444 p.
*Chauvet, Michel, 2018. ''[[Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires]]''. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 522)
*Facciola, S. - Cornucopia. A source book of edible plants. Kampong Publ. Vista 1990: 677 p.
*Flach, M. & F. Rumawas (eds.) - Plants yielding non-seed carbohydrates. Plant Resources of South-East Asia 9 Backhuys Publ. Leiden 1996: 237 p.
*Johnson, D. (ed.) - Palms for human needs in Asia. A. A. Balkema Rotterdam, Brookfield 1991: 258 p.
*Li, H.-L. - Nan-fang ts'ao-mu chuang. A fourth century flora of Southeast Asia: introduction, translation, commentaries. Chinese Univ. Press Hong Kong 1979: 168 p.
*Miller, R. H. (1964) - The versatile sugar palm. - Principes 8: 115-147.
*Sedgley, M. & J. A. Gardner (eds.) (1989) - International survey of underexploited tropical and subtropical perennials. - Acta Hort. 250: 206 p.
*Simmonds, N. W. (ed.) - Evolution of crop plants. Longman London 1976: 339 p.
*Terra, G. J. A. (1966) - Tropical vegetables. Vegetable growing in the tropics and subtropics especially of indigenous vegetables. - Dep. Agric. Res. Royal Trop. Inst., Amsterdam Communication 54e Royal Tropical Institute Amsterdam: 107 p.
*Uhl, N. W. & J. Dransfield - Genera palmarum. A classification of palms; based on the work of Harold E. Moore jr. Allen Press Lawrence 1987: 610 p.
*Watt, G. - The commercial products of India: being an abridgment of "The dictionary of the economic production of India". Murray London 1908: 1189 p.
*Wealth of India. (1948) - The Wealth of India. A dictionary of Indian raw materials and industrial products. - Raw Materials 1 Council Scientific Industrial Research New Delhi.


== Liens ==
== Liens ==
*[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search.aspx?SearchTerm=Arenga%20pinnata&SearchCat= BHL]  
*[http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/search.aspx?SearchTerm=Arenga%20pinnata&SearchCat= BHL]  
*[http://ecocrop.fao.org/ecocrop/srv/en/cropFindForm FAO Ecocrop]
*[https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=3951 GRIN]
*[http://www.feedipedia.org/ Feedipedia]
*[https://www.ipni.org/n/664261-1 IPNI]
*[http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/tax_search.pl?Arenga%20pinnata GRIN]
*[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/apex/f?p=185:46:3575151114851::NO::module,mf_use,source,akzanz,rehm,akzname,taxid:mf,,botnam,0,,Arenga%20pinnata,10896 Mansfeld]
*[http://www.ipni.org/ipni/simplePlantNameSearch.do?find_wholeName=Arenga%20pinnata&amp;output_format=normal&amp;query_type=by_query&amp;back_page=query_ipni.html IPNI]
*[http://mansfeld.ipk-gatersleben.de/pls/htmldb_pgrc/f?p=185:45:1329164412874601::NO::P7_BOTNAME,P7_DB_CHECKBOX1,P7_DB_CHECKBOX2,P7_DB_CHECKBOX4:Arenga%20pinnata,,, Mansfeld]
*[http://herb.umd.umich.edu/herb/search.pl?searchstring=Arenga%20pinnata Moerman, Native American Ethnobotany]
*[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Arenga.html Multilingual Plant Name Database]
*[http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Arenga.html Multilingual Plant Name Database]
*[http://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/nexus/Arenga_pinnata_nex.html NewCrop Purdue]
*[http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/search?q=Arenga+pinnata Plant List]
*[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Arenga%20pinnata Plants for a future]
*[http://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Arenga%20pinnata Plants for a future]
*[http://proseanet.org/prosea/e-prosea.php PROSEA]
*[[:en:Arenga pinnata (PROSEA)|PROSEA sur Pl@ntUse]]
*[[Arenga pinnata (PROTA)|PROTA sur Pl@ntUse]]
*[[Arenga pinnata (PROTA)|PROTA sur Pl@ntUse]]
*[http://www.prota4u.org/protav8.asp?fr=1&h=M4&t=Arenga,pinnata&p=Arenga%20pinnata Prota4U]
*[http://www.tela-botanica.org/page:eflore_bdtfx?referentiel=bdtfx&niveau=2&module=fiche&action=fiche&type_nom=nom_scientifique&nom=Arenga%20pinnata Tela Botanica]
*[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Arenga%20pinnata Useful Tropical Plants Database]
*[http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Arenga%20pinnata Useful Tropical Plants Database]
*[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenga%20pinnata Wikipédia]
*[https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arenga%20pinnata Wikipédia]
*[http://www.wikiphyto.org/wiki/Arenga%20pinnata Wikiphyto]
*[https://www.worldfloraonline.org/taxon/wfo-0000263731 World Flora Online]
 


[[Category:Arenga]]
[[Category:Arenga]]
[[Category:Légume tropical, secondaire]]
[[Category:Fruit tropical, important]]
[[Category:Sucre]]
[[Category:Féculent, important]]
[[Category:Boisson]]
[[Category:Bois d'œuvre tropical, secondaire]]
[[Category:Bois de feu]]
[[Category:Médecine humaine, tropical secondaire]]
[[Category:Fibres]]
[[Category:Vannerie]]
[[Category:Aliment à insecte]]
[[Category:Plante mellifère]]

Dernière version du 14 octobre 2025 à 09:57

Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.

alt=Description de l'image Arenga pinnata - Marie Selby Botanical Gardens - Sarasota, Florida - DSC01218.jpg.
palmier
Ordre Arecales
Famille Arecaceae
Genre Arenga

2n = 32

Origine : Asie du Sud

sauvage ou cultivé

Français palmier à sucre
Anglais sugar palm


Résumé des usages
  • sève obtenue des inflorescences :
    boisson, vin, vinaigre, sucre
  • amidon (sagou) extrait du tronc
  • jeunes feuilles : cœur de palmier
  • albumen des fruits immatures consommé cuit (kolang kaling)
  • larves élevées sur des troncs coupés
  • mellifère
  • fibres du tronc solides et durables
  • fibres des racines et des feuilles aussi utilisées
  • folioles utilisées en vannerie
  • bois d'œuvre
  • bois de feu : tronc, pétioles
  • médicinal


Description

Noms populaires

français palmier à sucre
anglais gomuti palm, sugar palm, areng palm
allemand Zuckerpalme, Gomuti-Palme
néerlandais arengpalm, suikerpalm
espagnol palma de azúcar
portugais palmeira do açúcar, gomuteira
italien palma dello zucchero
Philippines kaong (tagalog), bagobat (bisaya), hidiok (bisaya) (PROSEA)
Indonésie aren, enau, kawung (PROSEA)
Malaysia enau, kabong, berkat (PROSEA)
Thaïlande chok (sud), tao (nord) (PROSEA)
Vietnam búng báng, doác, doát (PROSEA)
Laos ta:w ta:d (nord) (PROSEA)
Cambodge chuëk', chraè (PROSEA)
Birmanie taungong (PROSEA)

Classification

Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr. (1917)

basionyme :

  • Saguerus pinnatus Wurmb (1779)

synonyme :

  • Arenga saccharifera Labill. ex DC. (1800)
  • Caryota onusta Blanco (1837)

Cultivars

Histoire

Usages

Arenga saccharifera Labill. Palmae. ARENG PALM. Tropical eastern Asia. This palm has been called the most useful of all palms. Griffith [1] says, the young albumen preserved in sugar forms one of the well-known preserves of the Straits. Brandis [2] says, the heart of the stem contains large quantities of sago, and the cut flower-stalks yield a sugary sap of which sugar and palm-wine are made. Graham [3] says, at Bombay this palm affords tolerably good sago and the sap, palm-wine and sugar. Seemann [4] says, the bud, or cabbage, is eaten. The sap, of which some three quarts a day are collected, furnishes toddy and from this toddy, jaggery sugar is prepared. The seed, freed from its noxious covering, is made into a sweetmeat by the Chinese. From the pith, a species of sago is prepared which, however, has a peculiar flavor.

  1. ↑ Griffith, W. Palms Brit. Ind. 164. 1850.
  2. ↑ Brandis, D. Forest Fl. 551. 1874.
  3. ↑ Pickering, C. Chron. Hist. Pls. 335. 1879.
  4. ↑ Seemann, B. Pop. Hist. Palms 64, 67. 1856.


In the native area also cultivated, in semi-cultivation or escaped. The sugar containing sap, extracted by tapping from the peduncle of the male inflorescences, is made into palm sugar, palm wine, and vinegar. The endosperm of the seeds is eaten as a sweetmeat. From the pith of the trunk sago (East Indian sago, Java sago, East Indian tapioca) is obtained as famine food. The terminal bud is eaten as palm cabbage. The black horsehair-like fibres of the leaf bases serve the production of rigging and brushes as well as for covers of underwater telegraph cables, and for caulking of boats. The leaves are used for thatching houses. Wild distribution: SE Asia (mainland and isl.).

Mansfeld.


Références

  • Balick, M. J. (1988) - The palm - tree of life: biology, utilization and conservation. Proceedings of a symposium at the 1986 Annual Meeting of the Society for Economic Botany held at The New York Botanical Garden, Bronx, New York, 13 - 14 June 1986. - Advances Econ. Bot. 6: 282 p.
  • Blatter, E. - The palms of British India and Ceylon. Oxford Univ. Press London 1926: 600 p.
  • Burkill, I. H. - A dictionary of the economic products of the Malay Peninsula. 2 Vols Ministry Agric. & Cooperatives Kuala Lumpur 1966: 2444 p.
  • Chauvet, Michel, 2018. Encyclopédie des plantes alimentaires. Paris, Belin. 880 p. (p. 522)
  • Facciola, S. - Cornucopia. A source book of edible plants. Kampong Publ. Vista 1990: 677 p.
  • Flach, M. & F. Rumawas (eds.) - Plants yielding non-seed carbohydrates. Plant Resources of South-East Asia 9 Backhuys Publ. Leiden 1996: 237 p.
  • Johnson, D. (ed.) - Palms for human needs in Asia. A. A. Balkema Rotterdam, Brookfield 1991: 258 p.
  • Li, H.-L. - Nan-fang ts'ao-mu chuang. A fourth century flora of Southeast Asia: introduction, translation, commentaries. Chinese Univ. Press Hong Kong 1979: 168 p.
  • Miller, R. H. (1964) - The versatile sugar palm. - Principes 8: 115-147.
  • Sedgley, M. & J. A. Gardner (eds.) (1989) - International survey of underexploited tropical and subtropical perennials. - Acta Hort. 250: 206 p.
  • Simmonds, N. W. (ed.) - Evolution of crop plants. Longman London 1976: 339 p.
  • Terra, G. J. A. (1966) - Tropical vegetables. Vegetable growing in the tropics and subtropics especially of indigenous vegetables. - Dep. Agric. Res. Royal Trop. Inst., Amsterdam Communication 54e Royal Tropical Institute Amsterdam: 107 p.
  • Uhl, N. W. & J. Dransfield - Genera palmarum. A classification of palms; based on the work of Harold E. Moore jr. Allen Press Lawrence 1987: 610 p.
  • Watt, G. - The commercial products of India: being an abridgment of "The dictionary of the economic production of India". Murray London 1908: 1189 p.
  • Wealth of India. (1948) - The Wealth of India. A dictionary of Indian raw materials and industrial products. - Raw Materials 1 Council Scientific Industrial Research New Delhi.

Liens

Récupérée de "https://plantuse.plantnet.org/fr/index.php?title=Arenga_pinnata&oldid=330015"